How to make the tax return The tax return is a document that the taxpayers are due to fill out annually, to determine to what extent to pay taxes and to obtain income tax deductions. The documentation has specific deadlines regarding the presentation and varies depending on the model that citizens fill out; the 730 model or the Unico model. Given its purely technical character and considering that there are many documents to be submitted, for the declaration of income in general the help of experts in the sector is requested. The accountant is a valid choice



How to make the tax return
HOW TO MAKE THE TAX RETURN
The tax return is a document that taxpayers are required to fill out annually, to determine to what extent to pay taxes and to obtain income tax deductions. The documentation has specific deadlines regarding the presentation and varies depending on the model that citizens fill out; the 730 model or the Unico model .

Given its purely technical character and considering that there are many documents to be submitted, for the declaration of income in general the help of experts in the sector is requested. The accountant is a valid and safe choice and having one of reference is certainly the best way to clear doubts and ask for advice. The negative note, however, is that the annual fees of the accountant could have a large impact on the family budget and sometimes it is useful at least to consider other possibilities.

At the various CAF and affiliated facilities you can ask for help and advice for the completion of the tax return, while at some companies workers can directly request tax assistance by paying the same company a figure certainly cheaper than the parcel of the accountant.



In any case, it is good to leave informed and know in depth what are the models through which you can forward the tax return, which deadlines are to be met and which are all the documents to be submitted.

THE INNOVATIONS INTRODUCED BY THE 2016 STABILITY LAW
First of all, it is good to know that, with the new Law of Stability , the Government has introduced some innovations that involve the declaration of income, the deadlines to be respected and the rules to follow are the following:

The provision that provides for the analysis against citizens using, with the 730, the subtraction for family loads or surpluses of previous declarations has been eliminated. These checks were replaced by preventive checks only in case the repayment of significant amounts. From 1 January 2016 the limit of 4000 euros has been abolished, which previously presupposes access to automatic controls.
With regard to healthcare costs, the obligation to transmit all data concerning the services provided by the National Health System during the previous year within a specific deadline set at 28 February is now in force.
THE DEADLINES FOR THE TAX RETURN
The tax return must be presented according to the deadlines established by the Tax Authorities, even if after the entry into force of the new model 730 already completed the delivery deadlines have changed due to the new requirements of the Revenue Agency to analyze the data of taxpayers with those of tributaries.

The new dates on data transmission to the Inland Revenue are as follows:

With expiry on 28 February, the Inland Revenue must receive all the data relating to the expenses that can be deducted from 730
With expiry on 7 March, the substitute tax returns to the Revenue Agency the data of the new CU model, the one that replaced the CUD for employees and pensioners
The deadlines for the declaration of income are set for July 7 for:

Who sends the 730 compiled independently
CAF and intermediary accountants
Tax substitutes with direct tax assistance or with intermediary
Who submits the tax return through the Unico Model must do so respecting the following deadlines:

By 30 September : electronically to the Inland Revenue or through intermediaries
Between May 2 and June 30 : with paper form sent through the post office and only for taxpayers who do not have an employer and no pension, must declare their income to substitute tax and separate taxation.
730 OR UNIQUE MODEL?
The 730 model is used by the following categories of payers:

Retirees
Employees
Members of cooperatives
Workers in layoffs
Priests of the Catholic Church
Municipal, provincial and regional councilors
Agricultural producers exempted from the 770 model and ordinary
The Unico model , on the other hand, is reserved for the following categories of people:



Who has business income, income from self-employment with VAT, other income other than those that can be declared with 730 and capital gains deriving from the sale of qualified investments or not in companies in countries with preferential taxation.
Who has not resided in Italy during the previous year
Who must submit Model 770, VAT and Irap declarations
Who has received employment income dependent on employers who do not have the obligation to issue withholding tax
Who must file the tax return on behalf of a deceased tax payer
Who has terminated his contract indefinitely
 WHO IS NOT REQUIRED TO MAKE THE TAX RETURN
The following persons are exempt from the obligation to submit their tax return :

They had income of building that derives from the possession of the main house
They have had employment income dependent on an employer who performs withholding tax
They only had income from work dependent on several subjects, to which is added a building income that derives from the possession of the main house
They have a total income not exceeding 8,000 euros, if it derives from an employee work in a period not less than 365 days.
They have an income, calculated net of the home, which does not exceed 7000 euros if it derives from a pension income for a period not less than 365 days
HOW TO PRESENT THE TAX RETURN
The statement of income with Model 730 is delivered to the withholding agent , employer or institution; model 730 already completed or model 730-1 in a sealed envelope with the choice to allocate 8 per thousand and 5 per thousand of the Irpef.

Alternatively, you can deliver the 730 to the CAF for the transmission of the model and the card in a sealed envelope . At these institutions it is also possible to request assistance and various instructions for the compilation that are provided, however, for a fee.



It is also possible to use the precompiled model , for those who are particularly skilled with the computer and know enough about the reference fiscal subject. In this case it is necessary to access the Inland Revenue website with your PIN, verify the data and send the model directly online.

If, on the other hand, the Single Model is used, the transmission must be carried out through the telematic services offered by the Revenue Agency, or through Caf or trade associations.

DOCUMENTS NECESSARY FOR THE DECLARATION OF INCOME
To present the income tax return you need to present the following documentation , which is mandatory for everyone to keep for the following 4 years:

Model CU, which certifies the income received by employees or pensioners
Unique Certification delivered by the employer or pension institution
CU issued by the INPS to certify unemployment, mobility, metrics or layoffs
CU model of the spouse or dependent family members and not from the fiscal point of view
Certificate of payment of foreign pension
Any notarial deeds concerning buildings purchased, inherited, donated or sold.
Land registry certificate of properties sold and owned
Leases of houses or garages
Certification for fees for occasional services
Delegations for the payment of the F24
Tax code of spouses and family members fiscally charged
Notarial deed and mortgage contract
DEDUCTIONS AND EXPENSES
It is good to remember that invoices, receipts, receipts, bank transfers and checks issued for tax deduction purposes must be indicated at the time of the declaration of income. In particular, here are the expenses that can be downloaded.

HEALTHCARE EXPENSES
Medical visits
Dental expenses
Hearing aids
Glasses
Purchase of medical equipment
Hospital stay
Rehabilitation
Spa treatments
Medicines
Assistance costs for disabled people
Medical expenses made abroad
Costs for the home and for properties in general

Interest for mortgages
Social security contributions
Interest expense for mortgages
Real estate brokerage fees
Energy saving expenses

Deduction of the rent
Reclamation consortia
Purchase of household appliances
Charges for children fiscally charged

School fees (asylum and sports activities)
Other expenses

Check due to the separated spouse
Funeral expenses
Possible contributions for domestic workers
Pension funds
How to fill in your tax return yourself

If you have decided to go it alone with the compilation of the tax return, here is a summary of all the steps that it is essential to follow if you decide not to rely on the accountant or to seek assistance from the CAF or the appropriate institutions:

Access the site of the Revenue Agency
Choose the model to use: 730 or Unique Model
Access the "online tax services" section and click on "fisconline"
Register and request a pin code. At the end of the registration you will be given a password that allows access to the personal page dedicated to the compilation of the tax return
Fill in all required items, receipts and all deductible expenses
Recheck the data entered and then send the model electronically

The National Health System, by law, provides that all citizens have free access to health services of any kind provided that they pay, depending on the type of examination or examination required, the payment of a ticket. Some citizens, however, depending on the case, are exempt from paying it. That's why, in which cases it is possible to request exemption from the payment of the ticket and what is the bureaucratic procedure to be followed to request it.



ticket exemption
WHAT IS A TICKET EXEMPTION CERTIFICATE?
The legislation that regulates the National Health Service provides that every citizen can have access to all health services upon payment of a ticket , the amount of which varies depending on the exams required and the service provided. Not all citizens, however, are required to pay this amount .

This happens for purely economic reasons and for health conditions ; the State then takes care of citizens suffering from diseases and less well-off, identified through income, and allows them access to free completion of health services as needed. This particular treatment is sanctioned through a certificate of exemption from the ticket . So let's see what it is, what are the groups of citizens who are entitled and how to request this type of exemption.

CITIZENS WHO HAVE THE RIGHT TO REQUEST THE EXEMPTION
The citizens who are entitled to access to health services in a completely free are:



Persons under 6 and over 65 with an annual income of less than € 36,151.98
The unemployed subjects, with a family income of less than 8,263.31 euros, increased to 11.362, 05 if in the presence of a spouse and dependent children
Subjects holding a social allowance
Pensioners with 60 years and a family income of less than 8,253.31, brought to the figure of 11.362.05 euros if in the presence of spouse and dependent children
At this point it is necessary a clarification concerning the concept of "family nucleus". What is a family unit? For tax purposes, it consists of the person concerned, the spouse who is not legally separated and all other dependent family members. If the different family members live together, it is irrelevant.

For the same reason, it should be noted that "dependent family members" are all family members who are not independent from the fiscal point of view and for whom the family enjoys tax deductions.

Another clarification concerns the overall income of the family unit . This value is given by the sum of the individual income produced by each member of the family member and is shown on the tax return including all deductible expenses:

Certified income with the Unico model
Income certified with the 730 model
HOW TO OBTAIN THE EXEMPTION CERTIFICATE
The ticket exemption certificate is obtained through assessment and recognition of this right by searching for the name of the person in a list that the Inland Revenue provides to the region, the local health authorities and the family doctor . The list is updated every year.

The certificate is sent at home , by post, with an official communication attesting that the citizen has been included in the list of the Ministry of Economy and Finance. At this point, it is sufficient to show up at the ASL counters enabled to request the reprint of the ticket exemption certificate.



However, there are special cases for which a citizen , even if he meets all the required requirements, can not be automatically entered in the Ministry's lists . This is the case, for example, of unemployed people or citizens who, even if they possess the income for which it is possible to apply for and obtain the exemption, are not in any case on the list produced by the Ministry.

In cases such as these, the citizen must go to the ASL of competence , submit the self-certification and be issued with the exemption certificate.

Let's make a summary of what has been said so far. To find out if you have the right, or not, to request a ticket exemption, you must:

Know what are all the members of the family unit (dependents referred to in the tax return)
Make the sum of all the total gross income of the components
Check if the sum is lower or higher than the parameters indicated and established by the legislation
Let us now examine some of the most frequent individual cases.

TICKET EXEMPTION FOR THE UNEMPLOYED
All citizens who have ceased their employment for any reason are entitled to the exemption certificate; dismissal, termination of a fixed-term contract and resignation . The employment relationship must be dependent and the citizen, in order to apply for the certificate, must be registered with the Employment Office pending a new occupation. A citizen who has never carried out any type of work activity or a person who has ceased work as an independent worker, whatever that is, can not be considered unemployed.



The various types of exemption, which indicate the reason why the citizen can enjoy these services, are indicated with a code and the one that indicates the exemption due to unemployment is the E02 code . The certificate is issued by the ASL of membership, which certifies this type of condition annually.

TICKET EXEMPTION FOR RETIRED PEOPLE
I retired to a minimum have direct exemption ticket. But who are the pensioners at a minimum? This category of citizens is made up of pensioners who hold a minimum pension, recognized by the INPS on the basis of the calculation of the contributions paid. If the value of the pension is lower than the limit set by the law, it is called a minimum pension.

TICKET EXEMPTION FOR THOSE ENTITLED TO EXEMPTION BUT NOT LISTED
As mentioned above, this case may also occur : a citizen is in possession of all the requirements necessary to obtain the exemption, but does not appear in the lists of exempt income . This can happen because, for example, the income of the previous year was of a lower value than that found in the Inland Revenue, or because a citizen started to receive a minimum pension or a social allowance.

In this case, the citizen has the right to submit the request and at this point the competent local health authority intervenes . The ASL has the task, therefore, to issue a provisional certificate, which indicates the name of the person entitled to exemption, and which is valid for the entire calendar year.



The certificate is issued as long as the citizen presents the following documents :

Self-certification of the right to this type of exemption
Self-certification of the total income and of the family unit in relation to the previous year
Self-certification of the total income of the family in relation to the year for which the exemption of the ticket is required
Self-certification in the case of pension perception integrated with the minimum pension, as a social allowance
Self-certification of unemployed status issued by the Employment Center with which the citizen undertakes to communicate in a timely manner the possible termination of the unemployment status, which obviously involves the loss of the exemption
Statement of awareness of criminal consequences for issuing false statements
Copy of a valid ID
The ticket exemptions are also due to the following categories of people:

Chronic and disabling diseases
Those suffering from chronic illness are exempt from paying the ticket on the services they must access, provided that all the clinical documentation attesting their physical condition is present in the appropriate offices. To consult which diseases are considered chronic and disabling it is necessary to consult the list made available on the website of the Ministry of Health.

Rare diseases
The same is true for rare diseases. If you have a rare disease, after having verified that you belong to this category, you have the right to access the health services necessary to carry out the checks you need for free.

Disability
Those with disabilities have the right to exemption for some or all of health services. Also in this case, to find out what are the categories of people that the State recognizes as disabled, it is necessary to consult the lists of the Ministry of Health .

Exemptions for early diagnosis
Public health facilities provide several screening programs for early detection, such as mammography, pap smear and the search for occult blood in the stool . These exams are totally free and are exempt from the payment of tickets. To know what are all the screening programs available to citizens, simply contact the local health authority or ask the family doctor .

Exemptions for pregnancy
Couples who are looking for a child and pregnant women are entitled to free access to some of the specialist services that need to be performed during pregnancy. To find out what services can be accessed free of charge, even in this case, it is necessary to access the dedicated section on the Ministry of Health website.

Free for the HIV test
In all public hospitals, it is possible to carry out the HIV test in an absolutely anonymous and free way , without having to pay the ticket.

DESKS TO CONTACT FOR INFORMATION
The counters dedicated to all the activities and the documentation related to the exemption of the ticket are those dedicated to the exemptions in each health district of the local health authority.

When you present yourself at the counters, remember to always have with you the tax code of all the members of the family unit for which the exemption and the health card are required, as well as a photocopy of the registrant's identity card.

Workers who are unemployed can count on the unemployment allowance, an economic aid that the state provides under certain conditions and provided that the unemployed citizen has certain requirements. Here are what they are, how to apply for unemployment and what are the essential characteristics to obtain it.



How to apply for unemployment
HOW TO APPLY FOR UNEMPLOYMENT
To lose the job, unfortunately, is always an unpleasant eventuality in the life of a person, but it is good to know that, while you are looking for a new job, there are subsidies and state aids that belong to the citizen who has lost his job , provided this has certain requirements that allow access to subsidies.

The normative situation is in continuous movement, above all in a very delicate field and subject to changes such as that of work. So here is the situation in which there is a citizen suddenly unemployed, what he can do and what is the process to follow to request state aid and subsidies .

With the new reform launched by the Renzi government, the rules governing the request for help from unemployed citizens have also changed. To apply for unemployment benefits , workers who have lost their jobs must first be sure that they meet these requirements :



Being actually in a state of unemployment
Being unemployed and having lost your job involuntarily
Having resigned for just cause
Solving the employment contract consensually
Having at least thirteen weeks of paid contributions behind you
A few more explanation deserves the third point: the resignation for just cause. For the avoidance of doubt, we are talking about resignation for just cause when:

There was no payment of the salary, or a delay in the payment of the salary
There have been significant changes in working conditions
The worker has suffered bullying
The employee was without reason transferred to another location
THE LEGISLATION REGULATING UNEMPLOYMENT
Unemployment is an economic institution that belongs to employees who have lost their jobs involuntarily. All workers who have had employment relationships can access this service and, to these are added:

Apprentice workers
Employees of Public Administrations
Working members who have had employment relationships
Artistic staff with subordinate employment relationships
The following categories of people are exempted from unemployment:

Permanent employees who work in the Public Administration
Agricultural workers with fixed-term and permanent contracts
Non-EU workers even if they hold a residence permit for seasonal jobs
THE STATE OF INVOLUNTARY UNEMPLOYMENT
At the moment there is still no official portal for all work policies; however , all those citizens who do not have a job and who declare their status to an employment center are considered to be unemployed , in addition to their immediate willingness to undertake any work activity or training activity for the retraining in the world of work .

It has also been established that unemployed citizens, even if enrolled in the Employment Center, can not request the allowance in the following case:

If the employment relationship was terminated voluntarily by the worker, except in the following cases:
During the period of maternity, which the State protects in any case, which extends from 300 days before the date of birth until the first year of life of the child
As part of the consensual termination of the employment relationship with a conciliatory procedure
If there was a refusal on the part of the worker to move to another work station no more than 50 km away, which is generally calculated in 80 minutes by means of transport.
In all these cases, the worker must prove the right cause or his intention to take legal action against the company. It is also good to remember that, starting from 12 March 2016, it is compulsory to carry out the procedure for the online resignation , which however does not provide those for just cause. In this case it is more difficult to get the right to unemployment.

Those who receive unemployment benefits can access, after 4 months of receipt, the relocation allowance , an important new feature introduced by the Jobs Act. Female workers who have resigned from work for pregnancy may be entitled to unemployment and may decide to do so even after giving birth until the child's first year is completed.

HOW TO APPLY FOR UNEMPLOYMENT
The application to apply for unemployment must be sent to INPS strictly online , after requesting the PIN to authenticate and access all the services on the site. The request must be submitted within 68 days from the end of the employment relationship and it is necessary to attach the following documents:

The last two paychecks
Receipt of registration at the employment center
IBAN of the current account
Letter of dismissal or document attesting the end of the employment relationship
CUD or 730 if you receive a family allowance
The citizens who receive unemployment are required to attend courses covering new redevelopment of the job market, organized by Job Centers or the National Employment Agencies.



After submitting the application for unemployment, citizens must report to the employment center after receiving an official communication indicating the date and place in which to present themselves. At this point the unemployed citizens will have to sign a declaration attesting the immediate availability to work.

This certification is essential to obtain unemployment status and then receive the corresponding allowance. The period of unemployment is an excellent opportunity, as well as being an obligation, moreover, to attend refresher courses, relocation programs, traineeships and any other formative activity.

If the obligations of the service agreement, which unemployed citizens subscribe, are missing, the conditions for receiving unemployment are also lacking . If the citizen does not present himself to the training activities, or does not take part in interviews at the employment center, he will reduce the monthly salary to the first lack, the second will not receive a monthly salary, while the third lack will automatically trigger the cancellation unemployment benefit.

Unemployed citizens who sign the training agreement are also obliged to accept any job offer proposed to them through the employment center; if this is not the case and the unemployed citizen decides to refuse an offer, the cancellation of the unemployment allowance is immediately triggered.

Unemployment insurance provides that the state gives a certain amount to the citizens while waiting for them to find a new occupation. This money will serve, in the meantime, to meet the economic needs of everyone.



The unemployment benefit does not provide for a fixed amount, but a variable amount which is calculated from the previous salaries. The calculation begins by examining the last four years of work, including additional monthly payments. The figure is then multiplied by a coefficient that will calculate the amount to be paid, usually starting at 75% of the final result, but only if less than the sum of 1195 euros.

If the amount is greater than this amount, the figure will correspond to 75% of the result to which will be added 25% of the difference between the result obtained and the amount of 1195 euros. The amount , in any case, will not exceed € 1300 , the minimum threshold that every year is calculated, and eventually modified, depending on inflation.

What happens, on the other hand, if you find work while you are feeling unemployed? Last July a communication from INPS was forwarded explaining that if a worker is paid with INPS vouchers, for a sum that must not exceed 3000 euros a year, the unemployment allowance does not suffer any change.

If this threshold is instead exceeded, the INPS reserves the right to apply a deduction on the amount received that varies proportionally based on the amount received with the vouchers. It is essential, therefore, to promptly communicate this information to the INPS within one month from the start of the paid work with the vouchers and compulsory before the expiry of the limit set by 3000 euros.

L ' unemployment benefits is sent to the citizen by transfer to bank account , or by means of a transfer which can be withdrawn and collected from any of Poste Italian branch. On the other hand, the possibility of receiving money on prepaid cards or on the PostePay card is excluded.



The unemployment benefit is valid , which is equal to the number that corresponds to half the weeks of contributions by calculating the last four years. The maximum duration of the unemployment allowance, therefore, is two years , and the duration will remain unchanged also for the whole year 2017, although initially a maximum limit of 18 months had been proposed.

In this period of work crisis, it is not unusual to fail to find a new job after about eight months of actual unemployment. What to do then in this case? There are other alternatives and citizens, especially if belonging to certain categories of work, can count on other economic benefits and that the state provides in case of persistent unemployment.

If after eight months of unemployment you find a new job, with a contract valid for only one day, you can again access unemployment for another period of eight months, provided that you have all the necessary requirements to be able to apply.

The state also provides other forms of subsidy, valid for some categories of workers. Who is a professional journalist , for example, has the right to an additional economic treatment for unemployment, provided directly by the journalists' desk. The economic aid is valid for one year and the amount paid will be equal to the unemployment benefit for the first three months; from the fourth month will be risotto of 30%.

NEW PROVISIONS FOR 2016
The Jobs Act reform has also introduced several social shock absorbers provided for those who lose their jobs, which correspond to various unemployment benefits: NASPI, ASDI and DIS COLL. The NASPI is an unemployment benefit that provides new methods of calculation to modify the duration of the subsidy and its measure. ASDI, on the other hand, is a further six-month allowance for workers without jobs over 55, with dependent children and with an ISEE of less than 5,000 euros a year.

The DIS COLL is, on the other hand, another type of assistance provided for citizens who have lost their jobs, in particular for collaborators, on a project or on an ongoing basis, enrolled in the INPS Separate Management and who do not have a VAT number. To request this type of assistance you need to have at least three months of paid contributions and the duration of the assistance is equal to half of the months for which the contributions have been paid. The amount, in this case, is equal to 75% of the income, only if it is equal, or even lower, to the sum of 1195 euros per month, to be evaluated annually.

The family allowance is a state subsidy provided for the families of employees of public and private employees, and for retired citizens who are employed by employees who need to supplement their income according to the limits imposed by law. Here are its characteristics, which categories of workers is responsible and what is the correct procedure to follow to request the family allowance.
HOW TO APPLY FOR FAMILY ALLOWANCE
Family allowances are economic aid provided for employees that the State provides for less well-off families. Each check varies depending on the type, the composition of the family unit and the income that each member of the family perceives.

In addition to employees, retirees belonging to the Employees Fund , the parasubordinate workers and pensioners of the Special Funds, as well as unemployed citizens receiving unemployment benefits and to workers on leave can also benefit from the family allowance.

The legislation provides that family members can also apply for tuberculosis patients, cooperative members, partial contract workers, freelancers and door-to-door salesmen , according to the procedures indicated by the law.

HOW THE FAMILY ALLOWANCE IS PAID
The allowance is paid to the worker for each month in which he has provided a work service , with a period of about twenty-six days, or for each week consisting of six days in which the worker has provided at least twenty-four hours of company service. The family allowances do not include liquidations, good outings and severance pay , as well as the allowance for the family unit and any other income established by law for various reasons.

Households composed of several people, whose income is below the maximum limit established by law, can request family allowance , a subsidy to help families in difficulty expected by the state. All the workers, the unemployed, workers on the move , or in layoffs , sickness or pregnancy may apply for family allowance, provided that the family income does not exceed a limit set by law.

The family income is formed by the income of the applicant, to which must be added the sum of income, subjected IRPEF, of all family members. Within the calculation of income will be included the house, any family allowances paid by a divorced spouse, any scholarships and social allowances , in addition to compensation for disabled citizens and bank or postal deposits subject to interest.

Also the productivity bonuses are part of the substitute tax income , but only if their total sum exceeds the limit of € 1,032.91 gross of withholding tax. In the event of loss of service it is possible to deduct, to obtain the family allowance, from the income of the dependent work of one of the members of the family unit.

Instead, they will not be taken into consideration:

End-of-service treatments
Life annuities paid by INAIL
War pensions
Pensions for conscripts
Accompanying allowances
Victims of injury
Travel allowances
Child support allowance
To obtain the family allowance, the citizen must deliver to his employer a written application , using the form indicated, in the section "income earned by the applicant and by the members of the family unit". The income referred to is the one corresponding to July 1 of each year, in force until June 30 of the following year.

They are considered members of the family unit :

Minor children
Adult children with disabilities
Brothers, sisters and disabled grandchildren
Families resident abroad of a foreign citizen
The numerous families, composed of at least four children, will be entitled to the allowance not only for the family unit, but also for minor children and children of eighteen years old and under 21, provided that they prove to be students or apprentices. The allowance for the family unit is not for the family if the sum of the income from dependent work, assimilated or derived from people, is less than 70% of the total income.

The family allowance is paid by the employer as part of the payment of remuneration. It will then be the same employer to ask the INPS for the reimbursement of the respective sum paid, while for categories of workers such as domestic workers , caregivers, agricultural workers, unemployed and pensioners the check is paid directly by the INPS.

In order to have the family allowance, it is necessary to make a request to the employer , except in the case in which the disbursement is subordinated by an authorization granted by the INPS. In this case the family allowance must be requested electronically using the appropriate ANF42 model , subject to authorization in the case of divorced or legally separated children.

FAMILY ALLOWANCE FOR PARASUBORDINATE WORKERS
There is also a service provided by the State to help the parasubordinate workers who are enrolled in the INPS Separate Management , who have no pension scheme and who are not currently retired.

In this case the amount of the allowance is variable, based on the number of family members and the income that all members receive. The total income must be composed for at least 70% of income derived from employment , which will be assimilated to the sum of the income that derives from the parasubordinate work.

In this case, the grant will be paid for the entire duration of the period in which the subject is covered for social security purposes by the contribution, including the additional contribution rate of 0.72%.
The application can be presented in these ways:

Via web - taking advantage of the various telematic services to which the citizen can access through his personal PIN. To do this simply connect to the official site and download the appropriate form
At a Patronato , taking advantage of the telematic services they offer
By contacting the number 803 164 , free from landline, or the number 06164164 for a fee, depending on your service provider.
It is also possible to apply for a family allowance for a period of time ; in this case the arrears are paid only within the maximum limit set at ten years.

FAMILY ALLOWANCES FOR DOMESTIC WORKERS
Even domestic workers are entitled to family allowance, provided that they prove to be in possession of all the requirements. This category, however, unlike employees, can request payment not to the employer but directly to the INPS .

To do this, simply connect to the INPS website, access your personal area and fill out the request using the appropriate form. The check, once the request has been accepted, is paid in two installments, every six months, by bank transfer to the post office or credited directly to the current account.
The allowance varies based on gross income and the number of family members, in addition to working hours. The number of checks due to the worker is calculated using a quotient, which is obtained by dividing the working hours resulting from the contribution by four.

THE APPLICATION FOR THE CHECK REQUEST
To summarize, the request must be formally presented:

To ' INPS in the cases of workers who provide domestic services, temporary agricultural workers, workers registered for separate management
Directly to your employer , by filling out the appropriate form, in the case of employees. The employer will pay the allowance for the period in which the worker has served in his company, even if the request is sent after the end of the employment relationship within the fixed term of five years.
It should be remembered that, if there are changes or modifications affecting the income and composition of the family unit, this information must be promptly communicated within 30 days , if they occur during the period of the request for family allowance.

PERMISSIONS
If the worker requires family allowance directly to the employer, there may be cases where authorization is required :

When the addition of some family members to the nucleus is requested, as brothers or sisters
In case of separation, when it is possible to duplicate the payment
When the level of income must be increased, in the case of single-parent families or in the case of disabled family members
In the event that the spouse decides not to sign any liability statement.
In all these cases the workers must submit the authorization request directly to the INPS and attach all the necessary documents, starting from the substitutive declaration. To do this you can use different channels:

The INPS website, using telematic services with personal PIN
Unions
Call center numbers: by contacting the number 803 164, free from the landline or the number 06164164 for a fee, depending on your service provider.
The INPS will then issue the model of authorization with which the citizen can apply for a family allowance. If the INPS is responsible for issuing the check, the worker must also provide documentation for the substitute declaration .

Let us now recall the cases in which the request for authorization is envisaged:

For children born out of wedlock and recognized by their parents
For the children of the spouse who were born of a previous marriage
For grandchildren descendants by direct line
For the brothers, sisters and nephews orphans of both parents
For minor children
For equivalent children over the age of 18
For disabled adult family members
In case of failure to issue the declaration by the spouse
For family members of Italian citizens residing abroad.

The scholarship is an economic aid reserved for university students, and for research fellows, but also for newly graduated students and sometimes even for high school students. The scholarships can be allocated by the university itself, by the region or by INPS or by other institutes, according to rules governed by specific legislation. Here then is what a scholarship is and how it is obtained.


WHAT IS A SCHOLARSHIP AND HOW IT IS OBTAINED
Everyone has the right to study, especially when their personal economic condition can not cope with all study costs. For this reason there are scholarships , economic aid that are provided by various institutions to meet the costs of studying a student. In addition to this kind of help, there are also scholarships that the university provides for the most deserving students.

The scholarships are, for the most part, intended for university students . This is because the middle and high schools are free and, although the public university is a very frequent choice among students, its line, although certainly economic compared to private universities, is still high.



There are also other scholarships also dedicated to high school students , but most of these are dedicated to university students for economic reasons and to help the less well-to-do students to bear all the university expenses that, between payment of tuition fees university, expenses for housing and for the purchase of books can become really salty.



Let's see what are the existing scholarships , which are the bodies that provide them and what are the requirements to access the competition announcement that draws up the ranking of the winning students.

First of all, in order to obtain a scholarship, it is necessary to participate in a call for tenders , according to the access modalities of the body that makes it available. In most cases, the requisites required to obtain the scholarship are two; excellent academic performance and a medium-low personal income .

The scholarships provided for income take into consideration the economic condition of the student. The amount paid, in fact, varies according to the economic band calculated on the Isee indicator. You can get the Isee for free at all patrons and Caf who offer this service. The scholarships that the university provides for merit , however, require only an excellent school average that distinguishes the student for his particularly brilliant career.

BODIES PROVIDING SCHOLARSHIPS
Scholarships can be provided by different institutions. Let's examine them one by one.

REGIONAL SCHOLARSHIPS
This type of scholarships are made available by the individual regions and can be requested by any university student residing in that region. The region receives from the state the economic aid necessary to allocate scholarships and to obtain this type of recognition it is necessary to participate in an annual competition. The merit and the income will be examined by a commission and then a list will be drawn up which will indicate the winners of the scholarship.

Many times, the members of the announcement are suitable and not beneficiaries ; this is because the funds may not be enough to meet the provision of many scholarships, even if the student is in compliance with all the requisites and has, on balance, all the rights to access it. In this case, however, students will still be entitled to some benefits, such as reimbursement of university expenses incurred, accommodation and canteen service.

UNIVERSITY SCHOLARSHIPS
Each Italian university provides some scholarships to facilitate all deserving students who can not support from an economic point of view all the expenses that the university entails. Scholarships are also provided for out-of-school students , ie students who move from their hometown to study at another university. Furthermore, some universities also provide for the possibility for students to collaborate with the university for a maximum of 150 working hours and for a fee of around 1,000 euros for administrative and assistance assignments.

SCHOLARSHIPS FOR STUDENTS STUDYING ABROAD
Students who instead want to study abroad and then move to another country to attend university are entitled to apply for scholarships made available by the Italian State. To find out about the types of scholarships offered in these cases it is sufficient to access the Farnesina website and consult the list of all the countries, and the relative foreign institutions, which make this type of training available.



On the website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs you can also access a particular section entirely dedicated to scholarships of the European Union. Also in this area scholarships are available for foreign university students who want to move to Italy to study at our universities.

The amount of these scholarships is variable and depends on the type and level of the route chosen, the insurance and the cost of the airline ticket. The fundamental requirement for accessing this type of facilitation is the knowledge, at a good level, of the Italian language.

SCHOLARSHIPS PROVIDED BY INPS
The INPS also provides some scholarships for students. In particular, this is a case of economic aid for orphans and for students of retired civil servants . These scholarships are provided through aid for middle school or high school, for university or for attending a master's degree.

The application, in the case of children of retirees of the public administration, must be presented online by the parent or guardian, or by the student if he has reached the age of majority. Candidates must in any case demonstrate that they possess all the required requisites , which can be easily consulted on the INPS website, in the "Welfare Initiatives" section.

LOANS OF HONOR
We often talk about loans of honor, but what exactly are they? These are economic aid for students who have failed to obtain scholarships for various reasons, but who are in any case in possession of all the requisites for having it. In this case, the loan of honor is used, that is a sort of subsidized loan. These loans are provided by the banks in collaboration with the university, following a stipulated agreement.

To access this type of financial aid, students must be between 18 and 35 years of age, must be resident in Italy and demonstrate that they are particularly deserving and brilliant students, with an average of high faces and a university curriculum that shows that the student is on par with all the exams to be taken for academic year.



What, however, distinguishes the loan of honor from traditional scholarships, is that at the end of the studies the student is required to return to the bank the money received in order to meet the costs of the university course attended.

Scholarships for newly graduated students

The graduate students , finally, may also benefit from some scholarships exactly how college students. These scholarships are requested for collaborations that are aimed at a specific specialization within a specific sector.

To get this kind of financial help you need to be particularly deserving students, have had a brilliant university career and show that you have had an excellent average of votes throughout your university career. The graduation grade will also be calculated for the purpose of issuing this scholarship, which obviously must be expressed with the maximum score in order to be able to aspire to this recognition.

AWARDS AWARDED FOR DESERVING GRADUATION THESES
If a student is a graduate with a particularly brilliant degree thesis, he / she can receive an award, in the form of a scholarship, by public or private bodies. The prizes awarded as recognition for the degree thesis can be:

Economic : money is provided that the student can use to improve his academic training
Academic type : the student will have the opportunity to publish in magazines or specialized sites, if the topic addressed in his / her thesis is relevant to the topics addressed
SCHOLARSHIPS GRANTED BY UNESCO
Even the ' Unesco finally provides some scholarships for graduates and young researchers . In this context we can aspire to an ordinary scholarship, funded by the organization, or to an extraordinary scholarship, for special programs and specific projects.

SCHOLARSHIPS PROVIDED FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Until now we have talked about scholarships awarded by different institutions and addressed in most cases to university students, but not all of them may know that there are also scholarships available for high school students .

The objective of these scholarships is to help the students , and their respective families, to complete their educational path after compulsory schooling. Calls for participation in this type of competition are available at school offices or on the region's website.